Robotics – Wikipedia

DateSignificanceRobot nameInventorThird century B.C. and earlierOne of the earliest descriptions of automata appears in the Lie Zi text, on a much earlier encounter between King Mu of Zhou (1023–957 BC) and a mechanical engineer known as Yan Shi, an ‘artificer’. The latter allegedly presented the king with a life-size, human-shaped figure of his mechanical handiwork.[8]Yan Shi (Chinese:

偃师

)First century A.D. and earlierDescriptions of more than 100 machines and automata, including a fire engine, a wind organ, a coin-operated machine, and a steam-powered engine, in Pneumatica and Automata by Heron of AlexandriaCtesibius, Philo of Byzantium, Heron of Alexandria, and othersc. 420 B.CA wooden, steam-propelled bird, which was able to flyFlying pigeonArchytas of Tarentum1206Created early humanoid automata, programmable automaton band[9]Robot band, hand-washing automaton,[10] automated moving peacocks[11]Al-Jazari1495Designs for a humanoid robotMechanical KnightLeonardo da Vinci1560sClockwork Prayer that had machinal feet built under its robes that imitated walking. The robot’s eyes, lips and head all move in lifelike gestures.Clockwork Prayer[

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]Gianello della Torre1738Mechanical duck that was able to eat, flap its wings, and excreteDigesting DuckJacques de Vaucanson1898Nikola Tesla demonstrates the first radio-controlled vessel.TeleautomatonNikola Tesla1903Leonardo Torres y Quevedo presented the Telekino at the Paris Academy of Science, which consisted of a robot that executed commands transmitted by electromagnetic waves.[12][13]TelekinoLeonardo Torres y Quevedo1914In his paper Essays on Automatics published in 1914, Leonardo Torres y Quevedo proposed a machine that makes “judgments” using sensors that capture information from the outside, parts that manipulate the outside world like arms, power sources such as batteries, and air pressure, and the most important, captured information and past information. It is defined as a part that can control the reaction of a living thing according to external information and adapt to changes in the environment to change its behavior.[16][17][18]Essays on AutomaticsLeonardo Torres y Quevedo1921First fictional automatons called “robots” appear in the play R.U.R.Rossum’s Universal RobotsKarel Čapek1930sHumanoid robot exhibited at the 1939 and 1940 World’s FairsElektroWestinghouse Electric Corporation1946First general-purpose digital computerWhirlwindMultiple people1948Simple robots exhibiting biological behaviors[19]Elsie and ElmerWilliam Grey Walter1961First installed industrial robot.UnimateGeorge Devol1967 to 1972First full-scale humanoid intelligent robot,[21][22] and first android. Its limb control system allowed it to walk with the lower limbs, and to grip and transport objects with its hands, using tactile sensors. Its vision system allowed it to measure distances and directions to objects using external receptors, artificial eyes, and ears. And its conversation system allowed it to communicate with a person in Japanese, with an artificial mouth.[23][24][25]WABOT-1Waseda University1974The world’s first microcomputer controlled electric industrial robot, IRB 6 from ASEA, was delivered to a small mechanical engineering company in southern Sweden. The design of this robot had been patented already in 1972.IRB 6ABB Robot Group1975Programmable universal manipulation arm, a Unimation productPUMAVictor Scheinman1983First multitasking, the parallel programming language used for robot control. It was the Event Driven Language (EDL) on the IBM/Series/1 process computer, with the implementation of both inter-process communication (WAIT/POST) and mutual exclusion (ENQ/DEQ) mechanisms for robot control.[28]ADRIEL IStevo Bozinovski and Mihail Sestakov