Chemical Datasheet

AQUA REGIA

Chemical Identifiers |
Hazards |
Response Recommendations |
Physical Properties |
Regulatory Information |
Alternate Chemical Names

Chemical Identifiers

CAS Number
UN/NA Number
DOT Hazard Label
USCG CHRIS Code

• 8007-56-5

• 1798

• Corrosive

none

NIOSH Pocket Guide
International Chem Safety Card

none

none

NFPA 704

data unavailable

General Description

A yellow liquid with a pungent odor prepared by mixing nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, usually in a ratio of one part of nitric acid to three or four parts of hydrochloric acid. Fumes are irritating to the eyes and mucous membranes. Corrosive to metals and to tissue.

Hazards

Reactivity Alerts

• Strong Oxidizing Agent

Air & Water Reactions

Fumes in air. Soluble in water with release of heat.

Fire Hazard

Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. UN1802, UN1826, UN2032, UN3084,

Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances – Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. UN1796 UN3085 , and, at concentrations above 65%, UN2031 may act as oxidizers. Also consult ERG Guide 140 . Vapors may accumulate in confined areas (basement, tanks, hopper/tank cars, etc.). Substance may react with water (some violently), releasing corrosive and/or toxic gases and runoff. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water. (ERG, 2020)

Health Hazard

TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Reaction with water or moist air may release toxic, corrosive or flammable gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat that will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause environmental contamination. (ERG, 2020)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances – Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Reaction with water or moist air may release toxic, corrosive or flammable gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat that will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause environmental contamination. (ERG, 2020)

Reactivity Profile

AQUA REGIA is a powerful oxidizing agent and a strong acid. Reacts exothermically with chemical bases (for example: amines and inorganic hydroxides) to form salts and water. Reacts with most metals, including gold and platinum, to dissolve them with generation of toxic and/or flammable gases. Can initiate polymerization in polymerizable organic compounds. Reacts with cyanide salts to generate toxic hydrogen cyanide gas. Generates flammable and/or toxic gases with dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, nitriles, sulfides, and weak or strong reducing agents. Additional exothermic gas-generating reactions occur with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), and carbonates (CO2).

Belongs to the Following Reactive Group(s)

Potentially Incompatible Absorbents

Use caution: Liquids with this reactive group classification have been
known to react with the
absorbents
listed below.
More info about absorbents, including situations to watch out for…

• Cellulose-Based Absorbents
• Expanded Polymeric Absorbents

Response Recommendations

Isolation and Evacuation

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2020)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances – Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2020)

Firefighting

Note: Some foams will react with the material and release corrosive/toxic gases.

SMALL FIRE: CO2 (except for Cyanides), dry chemical, dry sand, alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. (ERG, 2020)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances – Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:Note: Some foams will react with the material and release corrosive/toxic gases.SMALL FIRE: CO2 (except for Cyanides), dry chemical, dry sand, alcohol-resistant foam.LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. (ERG, 2020)

Non-Fire Response

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. (ERG, 2020)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances – Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. (ERG, 2020)

Protective Clothing

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE. Structural firefighters’ protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection. (ERG, 2020)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances – Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE. Structural firefighters’ protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection. (ERG, 2020)

DuPont Tychem® Suit Fabrics

No information available.

First Aid

Call 911 or emergency medical service. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; wash face and mouth before giving artificial respiration. Use a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. In case of skin contact with Hydrofluoric acid (

Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances – Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:Call 911 or emergency medical service. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; wash face and mouth before giving artificial respiration. Use a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. In case of skin contact with Hydrofluoric acid ( UN1790 ), if calcium gluconate gel is available, rinse 5 minutes, then apply gel. Otherwise, continue rinsing until medical treatment is available. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim calm and warm. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. (ERG, 2020)

Physical Properties

Chemical Formula:

• HCl (hydrochloric acid)
• HNO3 (nitric acid)

Flash Point: data unavailable

Lower Explosive Limit (LEL): data unavailable

Upper Explosive Limit (UEL): data unavailable

Autoignition Temperature: data unavailable

Melting Point: data unavailable

Vapor Pressure: data unavailable

Vapor Density (Relative to Air): data unavailable

Specific Gravity: data unavailable

Boiling Point: data unavailable

Molecular Weight: data unavailable

Water Solubility: data unavailable

Ionization Energy/Potential: data unavailable

IDLH: data unavailable

AEGLs (Acute Exposure Guideline Levels)

No AEGL information available.

ERPGs (Emergency Response Planning Guidelines)

No ERPG information available.

PACs (Protective Action Criteria)

Chemical
PAC-1
PAC-2
PAC-3

Aqua regia (75% hydrochloric + 25% nitric acid) (8007-56-5)

1.8 ppm
22 ppm
100 ppm

(DOE, 2018)

Regulatory Information

What is this information?

The Regulatory Information fields include information from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Title III Consolidated List of Lists, the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency’s Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards, and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals Standard List (see more about these data sources ).

EPA Consolidated List of Lists

No regulatory information available.

CISA Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards (CFATS)

No regulatory information available.

OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM) Standard List

No regulatory information available.

Alternate Chemical Names

What is this information?

This section provides a listing of alternate names for this chemical,
including trade names and synonyms.

• AQUA REGIA
• CHLOROAZOTIC ACID
• CHLORONITROUS ACID
• MET-ETCH
• NITROHYDROCHLORIC ACID
• NITROMURIATIC ACID