Foxconn – History – International operations

Taiwanese multinational electronics contract manufacturer trading as Foxconn Technology

Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. (TWSE: 2317), trading as Hon Hai Technology Group in China and Taiwan, or Foxconn internationally, is a Taiwanese multinational electronics contract manufacturer with its headquarters in Tucheng, New Taipei City, Taiwan, established in 1974. In 2021, the Group’s annual revenue reached NT$5.99 trillion and was ranked 22nd in 2021 Fortune Global 500. It is now the world’s largest technology manufacturer and service provider. While headquartered in Taiwan, the company is the largest private employer in the People’s Republic of China and one of the largest employers worldwide.[3][4] Terry Gou is the company founder and former chairman.

Foxconn – History – International Operations:

History:

• 1974: Foxconn, also known as Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd., was established in Taiwan by Terry Gou.
• 1988: Foxconn opened its first manufacturing plant in China, marking a significant step in its international expansion strategy.
• 2000s: Foxconn became a major manufacturing partner for leading technology companies such as Apple, Sony, Dell, and HP. It became a crucial part of the global supply chain.

International Operations:

• China: Foxconn has several large manufacturing facilities in China, producing a wide range of electronic products for leading global brands.
• Europe: Foxconn has manufacturing plants in European countries such as Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Poland, catering to production and delivery demands for the European market.
• America: Foxconn expanded its operations to countries in the Americas, including Brazil and Mexico, aiming to be proactive in the supply chain and reduce shipping costs.
• Asia: Foxconn has manufacturing plants in various Asian countries, including India, Indonesia, and Vietnam.

Challenges and Human Resource Management Issues:

• Foxconn has faced issues related to working conditions and human resource management at some of its facilities. Instances of low wages and challenging working conditions have sparked controversy, bringing Foxconn into the global spotlight.
• Efforts to improve working conditions and increase wages have been implemented, but human resource management remains a challenge for Foxconn.

Foxconn continues to play a vital role in the global electronics manufacturing industry, with international expansion being a crucial part of its business strategy.

Foxconn manufactures electronic products for major American, Canadian, Chinese, Finnish and Japanese companies. Notable products manufactured by Foxconn include the BlackBerry,[5] iPad,[6] iPhone, iPod,[7] Kindle,[8] all Nintendo gaming systems since the GameCube (except subsequent Nintendo DS models), Nokia devices, Sony devices (including the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4 gaming consoles), Google Pixel devices, Xiaomi devices, every successor to Microsoft’s first Xbox console,[9] and several CPU sockets, including the TR4 CPU socket on some motherboards. As of 2012, Foxconn factories manufactured an estimated 40% of all consumer electronics sold worldwide.[10]

Foxconn named Young Liu its new chairman after the retirement of founder Terry Gou, effective on 1 July 2019. Young Liu was the special assistant to former chairman Terry Gou and the head of business group S ( semiconductor ). Analysts said the handover signals the company’s future direction, underscoring the importance of semiconductors, together with technologies like artificial intelligence, robotics and autonomous driving, after Foxconn’s traditional major business of smartphone assembly has matured. [ 11 ]

History[edit]

Foxconn connector box tag in năm trướcTerry Gou established Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. as an electrical components manufacturer in 1974. Foxconn’s first manufacturing plant in Nước Trung Hoa opened in Longhua Town, Shenzhen, in 1988. [ 7 ]One of the important milestones for Foxconn occurred in 2001 when Intel selected the company to manufacture its Intel – branded motherboards instead of Hãng Asus. [ 12 ] By November 2007, Foxconn further expanded with an announced plan to build a new US $ 500 million plant in Huizhou, Southern China. [ 13 ]In January 2012, Foxconn named Tien Chong ( Terry ) Cheng chief executive of its subsidiary FIH Mobile Limited. [ 14 ] He resigned the same year, citing health problems. [ 15 ] At this time, Foxconn made up approximately 40 % of worldwide consumer electronics production. [ 16 ]Expansion was further pursued after a March 2012 acquisition of a 10 – percent stake in the Japanese electronics company Sharp Corporation for US $ 806 million and to purchase up to 50 percent of the LCDs produced at Sharp’s plant in Sakai, Nhật Bản. [ 17 ] However, the agreed khuyến mãi was broken as Sharp’s shares continued to plunge in the following months. [ 18 ] In September 2012, Foxconn announced plans to invest US $ 494 million in the construction of five new factories in Itu, Brazil, creating 10,000 jobs. [ 19 ]In năm trước, the company purchased Asia Pacific Telecom and won some spectrum licenses at an auction, which allowed it to operate 4G telecommunications equipment in Taiwan. [ 20 ]On 25 February năm nay, Sharp accepted a ¥ 700 billion ( US $ 6.24 billion ) takeover bid from Foxconn to acquire over 66 percent of Sharp’s voting stock. [ 21 ] However, as Sharp had undisclosed liabilities which was later informed by Sharp’s legal representative to Foxconn, the khuyến mãi was halted by Foxconn’s board of directors. Foxconn asked to call off the khuyến mãi but it was proceeded by the former Sharp president. Terry Gou in the meeting, then wrote a word ” 義 ” which means ” righteousness ” on the white board, saying that Foxconn should honor the giảm giá. [ 22 ] A month later, on 30 March năm nay, the khuyến mãi was announced as finalized in a joint press statement, but at a lower price. [ 23 ]In năm nay, Foxconn, together with Tencent and luxury-car dealer Harmony New Energy Auto, founded Future Mobility, a car start up that aims to sell all-electric fully autonomous premium cars by 2020. [ 24 ] A Foxconn unit, Foxconn Interconnect Technology, acquired Belkin International for $ 866 m on 26 March 2018. [ 25 ]In Jul. 2019, Foxconn appointed Liu, Young-Way as the new chairman of the Group, which was then ranked 25 th among Forbes Top 100 Digital Companies. Soon afterwards, the Foxconn led by Young Liu introduced its “ 3 + 3 Model for Transformation, prioritizing the three key industries : electric vehicles, digital health, and robotics industries. The Group is also committed to developing artificial intelligence, semiconductors, and next-generation communication technologies, building blocks in the Group’s technology strategy .In 2020, Foxconn established “ Hon Hai Research Institute ”, with five research centers each having an average of 40 high technology R&D professionals, all of whom are focused on the research and development of new technologies, the strengthening of Foxconn’s technology and product innovation pipeline, efforts to tư vấn the Group’s transformation from “ brawn ” to “ brains ”, and the enhancement of the competitiveness of Foxconn’s “ 3 + 3 ” strategy .Foxconn’s 2020 revenue was NT $ 5,36 trillion ( US $ 193 billion ). [ 26 ] CIRCUITS ASSEMBLY Magazine named Foxconn the largest electronics manufacturing services company in the world for the 14 th straight year. [ 27 ]On 5 February 2020, Foxconn started producing medical masks and clothing at its Shenzhen factory in Nước Trung Hoa, during the Chinese New Year and the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. The company initially said the masks it makes would be for internal employee use. The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 led to a worldwide spike in demand for masks, resulting in global shortages. [ 28 ] In a letter to employees, Chairman Young Liu said, ” I remember clearly how touching it was when Longhua Park produced our first mask at 4 : 41 am on 5 February. It was the simplest yet most important product Foxconn has ever made. It not only supplied the group’s need for epidemic prevention it also contributed to the general public and boosted the morale of the group. All that resulted from our colleagues ‘ hard work. “Following almost a year of public controversy regarding its COVID-19 vaccine shortage ; [ 29 ] [ 30 ] [ 31 ] [ 32 ] in June 2021, Taiwan agreed to allow founder Terry Gou, through his Yongling Foundation charity, [ 29 ] to join with contract chip maker TSMC, and negotiate purchasing COVID-19 vaccines on its behalf. [ 30 ] [ 29 ] In July 2021, BioNTech ‘ s Chinese sales agent Fosun Pharma announced that Foxconn and TSMC had reached an agreement to purchase 10 million BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines from Germany for Taiwan. [ 29 ] [ 30 ] The two technology manufacturers pledged to each buy five million doses for up to USD 175 million, [ 29 ] for donation to Taiwan’s vaccination program. [ 30 ]In 2020, Foxconn initiated MIH Alliance to create an open EV ecosystem that promotes collaboration in the mobility industry, with more than 2,200 companies joining the open standard since its launch. The company announced plans to become more involved as a contract assembler of EVs. In the same year, Foxconn partnered with Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V., Yulon Group for foray into EV. Foxconn has been holding the Hon Hai Tech Day ( HHTD ) sự kiện since 2020 to showcase its latest achievements. In HHTD21, Foxconn introduced for the first time 3 self-developed EV models : the Model C recreational vehicle, the Model E sedan and the Model T electric bus .In Jan. 2021, Foxconn and Geely Holding Group signed a strategic cooperative agreement and will establish a joint venture company to provide OEM and customized consulting services relating to whole vehicles, parts, intelligent drive systems, automotive ecosystem platforms to global automotive enterprises and ridesharing companies. In February 2021, it announced an agreement with EV startup Fisker Inc. to jointly produce more than 250,000 vehicles a year. In Mar. 2021, Foxtron, the JV company of Foxconn and Yulon, announced cooperation with Nidec to strengthen the power on EV key component development .In Jul. 2021, Foxconn teamed up with CTBC Financial Holding Co., Ltd to create a new fund targeting EV investments. In Jun. 2021, Foxconn invested T $ 995.2 million ( $ 36 million ) in Gigasolar Materials Corp to develop EV battery materials. In Sep. 2021, Foxconn collaborated with Thailand’s state-owned oil supplier PTT Public Co. to invest US $ 1-2 billion in launching an EV joint venture in Thailand. In the same month, Foxconn and Gogoro formed a strategic technology and manufacturing partnership to introduce new levels of manufacturing capabilities and scale for Gogoro battery swapping technologies and Smartscooters. In October 2021, it agreed to purchase a former GM auto plant from Lordstown Motors and to purchase USD 50 million of the company’s common stock. Under the agreement, Foxconn would use the plant to produce Lordstown’s Endurance pickup truck. Fisker vehicles would also be made at the same plant. [ 33 ]In Jan. 2022, Foxconn signed an MoU with the Indonesian Ministry of Investment / BKPM, IBC, Indika, and Gogoro to jointly develop a sustainable new energy ecosystem in Indonesia that focuses on electric battery, electric mobility, and associated industries. In May. 2022, Foxconn announced the completion of the Lordstown Motors facility purchase, and further signed a contract manufacturing agreement and a joint venture agreement with LMC for product development .In mid-year 2021, Foxconn announced that the company will enter into more semiconductor production and will be expanding into supplying chips for electric vehicles ( EVs ) and electronics equipment used for healthcare. [ 34 ] In May. 2021, Foxconn and Yageo Group entered into a joint venture agreement to form XSemi Corporation ( “ XSemi ” ) to extend the businesses into the semiconductor industry, including product development and sales. Based in Hsinchu, Taiwan, XSemi aims to consolidate the strengths and resources of the two market leaders, in addition to the upcoming multifaceted collaborations with leading semiconductor companies in product design, process and capacity planning, and sales channel. In Aug. 2021, Foxconn acquired a Macronix 6 – inch Wafer Fab for US $ 90.8 mn. In Feb. 2022, Foxconn formed a joint venture company with Vedanta, one of India’s leading multinational groups, to manufacture semiconductors in India. In April 2022, it was announced Foxconn had acquired the wireless telecommunications company, arQana Technologies – with the new organization being rebranded as “ iCana “. [ 35 ] Foxconn also announced a merger with the integrated circuit designing firm AchernarTek for an undisclosed amount. The acquisition and consolidation will help Foxconn develop semiconductors for the automotive sector and 5G infrastructure. [ 36 ]

International operations[edit]

Foxconn has 137 campuses and offices in 24 countries and areas around the globe. The majority of Foxconn’s factories are located in East Asia, with others in Brazil, India, Europe, and Mexico. [ 37 ]

Trung Quốc[edit]

One of the production floors in Foxconn factory at ShenzhenFoxconn has 12 factories in nine Chinese cities — more than in any other country. [ 38 ]The largest Foxconn factory is located in Longhua Town, Shenzhen, where hundreds of thousands of workers ( varying counts include 230,000, [ 37 ] 300,000, [ 39 ] and 450,000 ) [ 40 ] are employed at the Longhua Science và Technology Park, a walled campus [ 7 ] sometimes referred to as ” Foxconn City “. [ 41 ]Covering about 3 km2 ( 1.2 sq mi ), [ 42 ] the park includes 15 factories, [ 41 ] worker dormitories, 4 swimming pools, [ 43 ] a fire brigade, [ 7 ] its own television network ( Foxconn TV ), [ 7 ] and a city centre with a grocery store, ngân hàng, restaurants, book store and hospital. [ 7 ] While some workers live in surrounding towns and villages, others live and work inside the complex ; [ 44 ] a quarter of the employees live in the dormitories .Another Foxconn factory ” city ” is located at Zhengzhou Technology Park in Zhengzhou, Henan province, where a reported 120,000 workers are employed as of 2012. [ 45 ] The park produces the bulk of Apple’s iPhone line and is sometimes referred to as ‘ ‘ iPhone City “. [ 46 ]Foxconn’s future expansion include sites at Wuhan in Hubei province, Haizhow, Kunshan in Jiangsu province, Tianjin, Beijing, and Guangzhou in Guangdong province, Trung Quốc. [ 38 ] A Foxconn branch that primarily manufactures Apple products is Hongfujin .On 25 May năm nay, the Đài truyền hình BBC reported that Foxconn replaced 60,000 employees because it had automated ” many of the manufacturing tasks associated with their operations “. The organisation later confirmed those claims. [ 47 ]In July 2021, the largest flood in 1,000 years hit the world’s biggest Apple iPhone assembly plant in Zhengzhou, but production was not affected. [ 48 ]

Brazil[edit]

All company facilities in South America are located in Brazil, [ 49 ] and these include mobile phone factories in Manaus and Indaiatuba as well as production bases in Jundiaí, Sorocaba, and Santa Rita do Sapucaí. [ 50 ] The company is considering more investments in Brazil. [ 51 ]

Europe[edit]

Foxconn has factories in Hungary, [ 52 ] Slovakia, [ 51 ] and the Czech Republic. [ 53 ] As of 2011 it was the second-largest exporter in the Czech Republic. [ 53 ]

India[edit]

As of mid-2015, Foxconn was in talks to manufacture Apple’s iPhone in India. [ 54 ] In năm ngoái, Foxconn announced that it would be setting up twelve factories in India and would create around one million jobs. [ 55 ] It also discussed its intent to work with the Adani Group for expansion in the country. In August năm ngoái, Foxconn invested in Snapdeal. They also signed an memorandum of understanding with the state government of Maharashtra to set up an electronics manufacturing plant in Maharashtra with an investment of USD 5 billion within a 5 – year period. [ 56 ] In September 2016 Foxconn started manufacturing products with Gionee. [ 57 ] In April 2019 Foxconn reported that they are ready to mass-produce newer iPhones in India. [ 58 ] Its Chairman Terry Gou said that the manufacturing will take place in the southern city of Chennai. [ 58 ]

Nhật Bản[edit]

Foxconn and Sharp Corporation jointly operate two manufacturing plants specialising in large-screen televisions in Sakai, Osaka. In August 2012, it was reported that Sharp, while doing corporate restructuring and downsizing, was considering selling the plants to Foxconn. The company was believed to be receptive to the plan. The acquisition was completed with a $ 3.8 billion khuyến mãi in August năm nay. [ 59 ]

Malaysia[edit]

MalaysiaFoxconn Technology Malaysia factory at KulaiAs of 2011, Foxconn had at least seven factories in the Johor state, [ 60 ] at Kulai, where it is developing an industrial park that includes four factories that comprise fully automated assembly lines as well as fully automated packaging lines. [ 61 ]

Mexico[edit]

Foxconn has a facility in San Jerónimo, Chihuahua that assembles computers, [ 62 ] and two facilities in Juárez – a former Motorola production base that manufactures mobile phones, [ 63 ] and a set-top box factory acquired from Cisco Systems. [ 64 ] LCD televisions are also made in the country in Tijuana at a plant acquired from Sony. [ 65 ]On June 2, 2022, Foxconn announced that their Mexico-based production plant had been hit by a ransomware attack in late May, disrupting production. The facility affected was located in Baja, California, in Tijuana and specializes in the production of consumer electronics, medical devices, and industrial products. [ 66 ]

South Korea[edit]

The company invested USD 377 million in June năm trước to pick up a 4.9 percent shareholding in a South Korean IT services provider, SK C&C. [ 67 ]

United States[edit]

Foxconn announced on 26 July 2017 that it would build a USD 10 billion TV manufacturing plant in southeastern Wisconsin and would initially employ 3,000 workers ( set to increase to 13,000 ). [ 68 ] [ 69 ] As part of the agreement, Foxconn was set to receive subsidies ranging from USD 3 billion to $ 4.8 billion ( paid in increments if Foxconn met certain targets ), which would be by far the largest subsidy ever given to a foreign firm in U.S. history. [ 70 ] [ 71 ] [ 72 ] [ 73 ] Some estimate that Foxconn is expected to contribute $ 51.5 billion to Wisconsin’s GDP over the next 15 years, which is $ 3.4 billion annually. [ 74 ] However, numerous economists have also expressed skepticism that the benefits would exceed the costs of the giảm giá. [ 75 ] [ 76 ] [ 77 ] [ 78 ] [ 79 ] Others have noted that Foxconn has made similar claims about job creation in the past which did not come to fruition. [ 70 ] [ 72 ] [ 80 ]

Foxconn was also exempted by Governor Scott Walker from filing an environmental impact statement, prompting criticism from environmentalists.[81] The plant was estimated to contribute significantly to air pollution in the region.[82] Environmentalists criticised the decision to allow Foxconn to draw 26,000 cubic metres (7×10^6 US gal) of water per day from Lake Michigan.[72] Given water concerns, Foxconn is spending $30 million on zero liquid discharge technology.[83] Foxconn is also required to replace wetlands at a higher ratio than other companies; Foxconn must restore 2 acres of wetland for every 1 acre disturbed instead of the ratio of 1.2 to 1 for other companies.[83]

As of 4 October 2017, Foxconn agreed to locate their plant in Mount Pleasant, Wisconsin, [ 84 ] and broke ground for the plant 28 June 2018. President Trump was in attendance to promote American manufacturing. [ 85 ] [ 86 ]In January 2019, Foxconn said it was reconsidering its initial plans to manufacture LCD screens at the Wisconsin plant, citing high labour costs in the United States. [ 87 ]Under a new agreement announced in April 2021, Foxconn will reduce its planned investment to USD 672 million with 1,454 new jobs. Tax credits available to the project were reduced to USD 8 million .In October 2021, Lordstown Motors announced a $ 250 million giảm giá to sell a former GM plant to Foxconn, which would become a contract assembler for the company’s Endurance pickup truck. The khuyến mãi was completed in May 2022 for a final price of $ 230 million. [ 88 ] It was announced Foxconn would also invest USD 50 million into the company through a purchase of common stock. [ 33 ]

Major customers[edit]

The following list consists of Foxconn’s present or past major customers. The list is provided in alphabetical order .Their country of origin or base of operations is in parentheses .

North America[edit]

Asia[edit]

Europe[edit]

Subsidiaries[edit]

FIH Mobile[edit]

FIH Mobile is a subsidiary of Foxconn offering services such as product development and after-sales tư vấn. It was incorporated in the tax haven of the Cayman Islands in 2000. [ 106 ]On 18 May năm nay, FIH Mobile announced the purchase of Microsoft Mobile ‘ s feature phone business. Microsoft Mobile Vietnam is also part of the marketing to FIH Mobile, which consists of the Hanoi, Vietnam manufacturing facility. The rest of the business has been sold to a new Finland – based company HMD Global, who started developing and selling new Nokia-branded devices from early 2017. [ 107 ] [ 108 ] The total marketing to both companies amounted to US $ 350 million. FIH Mobile is now manufacturing new Nokia-branded devices developed by HMD. [ 109 ]

Foxtron[edit]

鴻華先進科技 Foxtron is a joint venture of Foxconn and Yulon Group founded in 2020 for vehicular manufacturing and research and development of electric vehicles.[110][111]

Foxlink Group[edit]

Foxlink Group is a Foxconn affiliate. [ 112 ]

Shinfox Energy[edit]

Shinfox Energy is a Foxlink Group subsidiary. [ 112 ]

Foxwell Power[edit]

Foxwell Power is a subsidiary of Shinfox Energy. Foxwell Power contracted with corporate great-grandparent Foxconn to supply 2.36 million kWh of green electricity in 2022. [ 112 ]

Controversies[edit]

Foxconn has been involved in several controversies relating to employee grievances or treatment. Foxconn has more than a million employees. [ 113 ] In Nước Trung Hoa, it employed more people than any other private company as of 2011. [ 51 ]

Working conditions[edit]

Allegations of poor working conditions have been made on several occasions. News reports highlight the long working hours,[41][42] discrimination against Mainland Chinese workers by their Taiwanese co-workers,[114] and lack of working relationships at the company.[115] Although Foxconn was found to be compliant in the majority of areas when Apple Inc. audited the maker of its iPods and iPhones in 2007,[7] the audit did substantiate several of the allegations.[116] In May 2010, Shanghaiist reported that security guards had been caught beating factory workers.[117]

In reaction to a spate of negative press, particularly that involving worker suicides in which 14 people died [ 118 ] from January to May 2010, Steve Jobs defended Apple’s relationship with the company in June 2010, citing that its Chinese partner is ” pretty nice ” and is ” not a sweatshop “. [ 119 ] Meanwhile, however, a report jointly produced by 20 universities in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Mainland China described Foxconn factories as labour camps [ 120 ] with widespread worker abuse and illegal overtime .

Concerns increased in early 2012 by an article published in The New York Times in October 2011.[121] It reported evidences that substantiated some of the criticisms. The 2012 audit commissioned by Apple Inc. and performed by the Fair Labor Association found that workers were routinely subjected to inhumane bouts of overtime of up to 34 hours without an increase in pay and suggested that debilitating workplace accidents and suicides may be common.[122][123] A Hong Kong non-profit organisation, Students and Scholars Against Corporate Misbehaviour, has written numerous negative reports on Foxconn’s treatment of its employees, such as in 2010 and 2011.[124] These typically find far worse conditions than the 2012 Fair Labour Association audit did,[125] but they rely on a far smaller number of employee informants, circa 100 to 170.[126] The Fair Labor Association audit in 2012 used interviews with 35,000 Foxconn employees.[122]

In January 2012, about 150 Foxconn employees threatened to commit a mass suicide in protest of their working conditions. [ 127 ] One worker said the protest resulted from 600 workers being moved into a new ” unbearable ” factory location. [ 128 ] In September 2012, a fight at worker dormitories in Taiyuan, Shanxi, where a guard allegedly was beating a worker, escalated into a riot involving 2,000 people and was quelled by security. [ 129 ]

In October 2012, the company admitted that 14-year-old children had worked for a short time at a facility in Yantai, Shandong Province, as part of an internship programme,[130] in violation of the age limit of 16 for legal workers.[130] Foxconn said that the workers had been brought in to help deal with a labour shortage, and Xinhua quoted an official saying that 56 underage interns would be returned to their schools. Reuters quoted Foxconn saying that 2.7 percent of its workforce in China were long- or short-term interns. In response to the scrutiny, Foxconn said it would cut overtime from the current 20 hours per week to less than nine hours a week.[130]

Also in October 2012, there was a crisis concerning an injured worker in which 26-year-old Zhang Tingzhen[131] suffered an electric shock and fell in a factory accident[132] a year earlier. His doctors did immediate surgery to remove part of his brain,[133] “[after which] he lost his memory and can neither speak, walk”.[134] When his father attempted to get compensation in 2012,[133] Reuters reported that Foxconn told the family to transport and submit him for a disability assessment in Huizhou 70 km away, or it would cut off funding for his treatment.[131] His doctors protested the move for fear of a brain haemorrhage en route,[134] and the company stated that it was acting within labour laws.[132][135] His family later sued Foxconn in 2012 and argued in court that Tingzhen had been summoned to the wrong city.[131] In 2014, a court ruled that he had to be assessed in Huizhou to receive compensation, with Foxconn offering a settlement for the father to recant his criticisms, which was refused.[133]

In February 2015, Beijing News reported that an official with the All China Federation of Trade Union (ACFTU), Guo Jun, said that Foxconn allegedly forced employees to work overtime, resulting in occasional death by karōshi or suicide. Jun also said that the illegal overtime resulted from a lack of investigation and light punishments. Foxconn in return issued a statement questioning Guo’s allegations, arguing workers wanted to work overtime to earn more money.[136]

In November 2017, the Financial Times reported that it had found several students working 11-hour days at the iPhone X plant in Henan province, in violation of the 40-hour-per week mandate for children. In response, Foxconn announced that it has stopped the interns’ illegal overtime work at the factory in which 3,000 students had been hired that September.[137]

Since năm nay, Foxconn has been replacing its workforce with robots, which have replaced 50 % of Foxconn’s labour force by năm nay, and there are plans for completely automating factories. [ 138 ]In 2019, a report was issued by Taiwan News stating that some of Foxconn’s managers had fraudulently used rejected parts to build iPhones. [ 139 ]

Suicides[edit]

Suicides among Foxconn workers have attracted the media’s attention.[140] Among the first cases to attract attention in the press was the death of Sun Danyong, a 25-year-old man who committed suicide in July 2009 after reporting the loss of an iPhone 4[141] prototype in his possession.[142] According to The Telegraph, Sun Danyong had been beaten by security guards.[128]

There was also a series of suicides which were speculatively linked to low pay in 2010, though employees also noted Foxconn paid higher wages than similar jobs. [ 140 ] In reaction to a spate of worker suicides in which 14 people died in 2010, [ 118 ] Foxconn installed suicide-prevention netting at the base of buildings in some facilities [ 143 ] and promised to offer substantially higher wages at its Shenzhen production bases. [ 144 ] In 2011, Foxconn also hired the PR firm Burson-Marsteller to help khuyến mãi with the negative publicity from the suicides. That year, the nets seemed to help lower the death rate, although at least four employees died by throwing themselves off buildings. [ 128 ]In January 2012, there was a protest by workers about conditions in Wuhan, with 150 workers threatening to commit mass suicide if factory conditions were not improved. [ 128 ] In 2012 and into 2013, three young Foxconn employees were reported to have died by jumping off buildings. [ 128 ] In January 2018, another suicide was reported by a factory worker, after 31 – year old Li Ming jumped to his death off a building in Zhengzhou, where the iPhone X was being manufactured. [ 128 ]

The Wisconsin Valley Project[edit]

The project originally committed in 2017 to investing USD 10 billion and employing up to 13,000 workers but has now shrunk to USD 672 million with 1,454 jobs .

Food poisoning[edit]

On 15 December 2021, 256 workers at Foxconn’s Sriperumbudur factory developed Acute Diarrhoeal Disease due to food poisoning, after eating food at the company provided hostel. As a result of which 159 workers were hospitalised.[145] The workers were provided no information about this, due to which a rumour started spreading among the workers through Whatsapp that two workers had died.[146] By 17 December there were sit-in protests in worker dormitories, by 10 pm of the same day, thousands of women workers of the factory staged protests on the Chennai-Bengaluru national highway,[147] this was met by police detainment of 67 women protestors and arrest of one journalist, with many of them being released a day later.[148] Following the protests the factory was shut down for a week, with the state government and district administration investigating the worker conditions. On 22 December the Food safety department sealed the kitchen of the dormitory[149] finding rats and poor drainage. The rooms provided to workers were overcrowded with them being forced to sleep on the floor, some even lacking toilets with a running water supply.[150] Following the revelation of substandard living conditions, on 29 December Apple put the Foxconn plant on probation, with both Apple and Foxconn issuing statements on the dormitory and dining rooms conditions.[151] In Jan. 2022, after implementing a range of corrective actions, the factory resumed operations.[citation needed]

Mobility in Harmony Consortium[edit]

The Mobility in Harmony Consortium was created in 2020 by Foxconn to promote a set of open standards for electric vehicles. [ 152 ]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Further reading[edit]

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